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Table 2 Behavioral ethogram

From: Behavioral, hepato-morphological, and biochemical studies on the possible protective effect of black seed and water bath against change-mediated heat stress on pigeon

Behavior

Definition

Ingestive behavior

According to Spudeit et al. (Spudeit et al. 2013)

 (a) Feeding

Pigeon’s head located inside the feeder.

 (b) Drinking

Pigeon’s head in contact with drinker

Comfort behavior

According to Spiteri (1975)

 (a) Foot and ground pecking

The pigeon pecks at its foot or the ground.

 (b) Wing and leg stretch

Stretches its leg or wing upward and downward.

 (c) Preening

Gentle pecking or scratching its own feathers.

Aggressive behavior

According to Spiteri (1975)

 (a) Wing flick

Pigeon fans out its tail, raises the wing backwards

 (b) Wing fend

The wing is brought sharply outwards.

 (c) Fluffing

Bird fluffed its feather.