Group item | Control | Heat stress | Water bath | Propolis | Black seed | Wheat diet |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ingestive behavior (act\30Â min) | ||||||
Feeding behavior | 10 ± 0.8a | 6.7 ± 1.6b | 9.7 ± 0.9a | 6.9 ± 0.6b | 10 ± 2.3a | 6.6 ± 0.6b |
Drinking behavior | 2.9 ± 0.6b | 4.7 ± 0.9a | 2.1 ± 0.6b | 4.4 ± 0.7a | 4.1 ± 0.1a | 3.4 ± 0.5a |
Feeding/drinking ratio | 3.7 ± 0.9a | 3.8 ± 0.9a | 4.3 ± 0.9a,b | 1.6 ± 0.7a,b | 2.9 ± 0.7a,b | 2.3 ± 0.9b |
Comfort behavior (act\30Â min) | ||||||
Preening | 12.3 ± 0.6b | 13.3 ± 0.8b | 19.7 ± 4.9a | 9.4 ± 0.9b | 10.7 ± 1.6b | 9.7 ± 1.6b |
Wing and leg stretching | 1.9 ± 2.5b | 2.1 ± 2.5b | 3.1 ± 1.2a | 2.9 ± 2.5a,b | 2 ± 0.4b | 1.7 ± 0.3b |
Foot and ground pecking | 4.7 ± 0.9b | 4.7 ± 1.6b | 8.8 ± 1.9a | 5.7 ± 1.6b | 5.9 ± 0.3b | 8.2 ± 1.6a |
Aggressive behavior (wing flick, wing fend, and fluffing) (act\30Â min) | ||||||
Aggressive behavior | 10.7 ± 1.4a | 11.7 ± 1.4a | 8.8 ± 1.3b | 9.2 ± 1.4a,b | 8.3 ± 0.6b | 7.5 ± 1.2b |