From: Fish diet and male reproductive hormones in albino rats
 |  | Parameters | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |  | Total testosterone (ng/ml) | 17β-Estradiol (pg/ml) | FSH (nIU/ml) | LH (IU/ml) | Prolactin (ng/ml) | Sperm count (× 106) | Sperm abnormalities (%) | |
Groups | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
 Normal control group | Range | 2.12–3.83 | 0.42–0.56 | 0.78–1.20 | 3.20–4.10 | 0.50–0.67 | 8.05–9.20 | 6.00–8.00 | |
Mean ± S.E. | 2.93 ± 0.30 | 0.47 ± 0.02 | 0.96 ± 0.09 | 3.65 ± 0.23 | 0.59 ± 0.04 | 8.50 ± 0.35 | 7.33 ± 0.67 | ||
Rats fed on grilled Mugil cephalus fish groups | Farmed fresh water Mugil cephalus fish | Range | 1.34–2.63 | 0.41–0.49 | 0.38–0.51 | 3.00–4.00 | 0.29–0.31 | 6.05–6.55 | 12.00–17.00 |
Mean ± S.E. | 1.97 ± 0.16 | 0.45 ± 0.01 | 0.42 ± 0.03 | 3.50 ± 0.29 | 0.30 ± 0.01 | 6.30 ± 0.25 | 14.50 ± 2.50 | ||
% of change | − 32.76 | − 4.26 | − 56.25 | − 4.11 | − 49.15 | − 25.88 | 97.82 | ||
P value | P < 0.05(a) | N.S(a) | P < 0.01(a) | N.S(a) | P < 0.01(a) | P < 0.05(a) | P < 0.05(a) | ||
Wild marine water Mugil cephalus fish | Range | 1.75–2.79 | 0.42–0.55 | 0.25–0.35 | 3.00–5.00 | 0.60–0.79 | 4.85–7.55 | 13.00–18.00 | |
Mean ± S.E. | 2.23 ± 0.19 | 0.48 ± 0.01 | 0.30 ± 0.02 | 3.60 ± 0.40 | 0.69 ± 0.05 | 5.80 ± 0.88 | 15.50 ± 2.50 | ||
% of change | − 23.89 | 2.13 | − 68.75 | − 1.37 | 16.95 | − 31.76 | 111.46 | ||
P value | N.S(a) | N.S(a) | P < 0.001(a) | N.S(a) | N.S(a) | P < 0.05(a) | P < 0.05(a) | ||
Farmed brackish water Mugil cephalus fish | Range | 1.94–3.18 | 0.41–0.60 | 0.22–0.29 | 3.00–6.00 | 0.40–0.58 | 4.30–5.85 | 13.00–18.00 | |
Mean ± S.E. | 2.68 ± 0.28 | 0.46 ± 0.02 | 0.25 ± 0.02 | 4.67 ± 0.88 | 0.47 ± 0.06 | 5.01 ± 0.45 | 15.67 ± 1.45 | ||
% of change | − 8.53(a) 20.18(d) | - -2.13(a)–4.17(d) | − 73.96(a)–16.67(d) | 27.95(a) 29.72(d) | − 20.34(a)–31.88(d) | − 41.06(a)–13.62(d) | 113.78(a) 1.1(d) | ||
P value | N.S(a), (d) | N.S(a), (d) | P < 0.01(a) N.S(d) | N.S(a), (d) | N.S(a) P < 0.05(d) | P < 0.01(a) N.S(d) | P < 0.01(a) N.S (d) | ||
ANOVA | F = 3.92 P < 0.05 | F = 0.38 N.S | F = 45.60 P < 0.001 | F = 1.22 N.S | F = 12.45 P < 0.01 | F = 7 P < 0.05 | F = 6.67 P < 0.05 |