Plate 2

Types of deformities produced after topical administration of root extracts of Withania somnifera to 0–3-day-old third instar larvae of Sarcophaga ruficornis. (A, B) Dorsal and ventral view of pupal-adult mosaic grade V, 5 μg/μL, third instar day 2. (C, D) Dorsal and ventral view of pupal-adult mosaic grade VI, 10 μg/μL, third instar day 3. (E, F) Dorsal and ventral view of pupal-adult mosaic grade VII, 20 μg/μL, third instar day 2. (G, H) Dorsal and ventral view of pupal-adult mosaic grade VIII, 15 μg/μL, third instar day 3. (I) Dorsal view of pupal-adult mosaic grade VIII, 5 μg/μL, third instar day 2. (J) Dorsal view of normal adult. (K, L) Dorsal and ventral view of adultoid with deformed wings and legs, 20 μg/μL, third instar day 0. (M, N) Dorsal and ventral view of adultoid with deformed wings and twisted legs, 5 μg/μL, third instar day 1. (O) Dorsal view of adultoid with crumpled wings, 15 μg/μL, third instar day 2. (P) Lateral view of adultoid unable to eclose from the puparium, 10 μg/μL, third instar day 3. (Q) Lateral view of adultoid unable to eclose from the puparium, 15 μg/μL, third instar day 0. (R) Doral view of adultoid with puparium, 20 μg/μL, third instar day 1. (Bar = 1 mm; red arrow pointing out the deformities. Ad Hr = adult hairs, De L = deformed legs, De W = deformed wings, P Ab = pupal abdomen, P Th = pupal thorax, Pg E = pigmented eyes, Pm = puparium, Ru P Cu = ruptured pupal cuticle, Tw L = twisted legs)