Table 1 Vital neuro-phenotypic domains and their behavioural paradigm in Zebrafish
From: Zebrafish as a prodigious tool in neuropsychiatric research
Disorder | Behaviour | Criterion | Zebrafish Phenotype |
|---|---|---|---|
Stress | Aggression | ➢ Live observation of two fish ➢ Mirror image test ➢ Pigment response ➢ Startle reaction | ➢ Reduction of exploration ➢ Increased avoidance ➢ Erratic behaviour ➢ Elevated cortisol |
Alarm reaction | Response to alarm substance | ||
Anti-predation | Predator stimulation | ||
Anxiety | Fear related behaviour | ➢ Exit latency test ➢ Group preference ➢ Light/dark preference ➢ Locomotor activity ➢ Thigmotaxis ➢ Tank diving test ➢ Time in enriched T-maze chamber | |
Depression | Locomotion | ➢ Mean velocity ➢ Number of lines crossed ➢ Total distance crossed ➢ Turning angle | ➢ Reduced activity ➢ Elevation of cortisol |
Autism and schizophrenia | |||
Assessment of memory and learning | |||
Audition | Response to startling noise | ||
Courtship | Observation of courtship postures | ||
Potent social behaviour | |||
Learning/memory | ➢ Active avoidance conditioning ➢ Delayed spatial alterations ➢ Learned alarm reactions ➢ Spatial alterations ➢ T-maze ➢ Visual discrimination learning | ||
➢ Hyper activity ➢ Impaired cognitive process | |||
Olfaction | Response to amino acids | ||
Sleep disorders | Sleep | Monitoring sleep postures Pigment response Locomotor inhibition | ➢ Vigorous circadian rhythms ➢ Sensitive to sleep-modulating drugs |
Neurodegeneration | Locomotion | Interaction with object Total distance moved | Decline in locomotion |
Reward-related behaviour | Reward | Conditioned place preference Presence of conspecific | Rewarding stimuli, including food and abused substances |