The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology

Table 2 The effect of seasons on the body shape of P. pruinosus tested by multivariate analysis (MANOVA) and discrimination functional analysis (DFA)

From: Seasonal shape variations, ontogenetic shape changes, and sexual dimorphism in a population of land isopod Porcellionides pruinosus: a geometric morphometric study

	MANOVA					DFA
	Wilks’λ	df1	df2	F	P					P permut. test
	Wilks’λ	df1	df2	F	P	Proc. d.	D²	T²	P	Proc.d.	T² P
Juveniles	0.42	18	26	2.02	0.081	0.017	2.98	99.47	0.98	0.21	0.11
Adults	0.78	17	147	2.44	0.002	0.023	2.94	350.5	0.02	0.01	0.02
Females	0.45	20	28	2.85	0.001	0.021	4.67	482.8	0.01	0.01	0.01
Males	0.64	20	51	4.27	0.008	0.016	8.81	140.3	0.02	0.01	0.02

df degrees of freedom; Proc.d. Procrustes distance; D² Mahalanobis distance; T² Hotteling’s T² test; P permut. test P values after permutation test (10,000 runs) for Procrustes distance and Hotteling’s T² test

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