The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology

Table 3 Residual and contact effects of aqueous extracts of four plants on the mortality of adult P. fusca at 100% concentration

From: Prospects of botanical pesticides in management of Iroko gall bug, Phytolyma fusca (Hemiptera, Psylloidea) under laboratory and field conditions

Treatments	TAT (min)
Treatments	R	C	R	C	R	C	R	C	R	C	R	C	R	C
P . Guinean	0.00^c	0.67 ^bc	0.67 ^ab	0.33	0.00	0.00	0.67	0.33 ^b	1.33 ^a	1.67 ^a	1.67	0.33	1.67	1.00
A . indicates	0.00^c	1.00^b	0.67 ^ab	0.00	0.33	1.33	0.33	0.00^b	0.33 ^b	1.67 ^a	1.00	0.33	1.33	0.00
J . carcus	0.00^c	0.00^c	0.00^b	1.00	0.33	1.00	1.33	1.67 ^a	1.33 ^a	0.33 ^b	0.33	0.67	1.33	0.67
A . melegueta	0.67 ^a	1.33 ^a	1.00^a	0.67	0.67	1.00	1.33	1.67 ^a	0.00^b	0.00^b	0.67	0.00	0.67	0.00
Cypermethrin	5.00^b	5.00^b	0.00^b	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00^b	0.00^b	0.00^b	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Control	0.00^c	0.00^c	0.00^b	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00^b	0.00^b	0.00^b	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Sig. level	**	**	**	Ns	Ns	Ns	Ns	**	*	**	Ns	Ns	Ns	Ns

Means with same letters within the same column are not significantly different. Ns not significant, R residual effects, C contact effects, TAT time after treatments
**Significant at 5%
**Significant at 1% by Duncan multiple range test (DMRT)

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