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Fig. 5 | The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology

Fig. 5

From: Carica papaya and Mangifera indica modulate haematological, biochemical and histological alterations in atrazine-intoxicated fish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822)

Fig. 5

Histopathological changes in the gill and liver of Clarias gariepinus exposed to atrazine for 28 days and ameliorated with Carica papaya (H & E × 100). a Gill of C. gariepinus in the control showing normal architecture of primary lamellae (PL) and secondary lamellae (SL); b degeneration of cartilaginous core (DCC), curling of lamella (CL), hyperplasia (H), lamellar fusion (LF), necrosis (N) and rupture of secondary lamella RSL) in the gill of fish exposed to atrazine alone; c curling of lamella (CL), oedema (O) and necrosis (N) in the gill of fish exposed to low (0.25 mg/g) concentration of C. papaya alone; d gradual reversal of lamella fusion (LF) and improvement in curling of lamella (CL) and lamella swelling (LS) in the gill of atrazine-exposed fish ameliorated with low (0.25 mg/g) concentration of C. papaya; e Lamella fusion (LF), necrosis (N) and swelling of secondary lamella (SSL) in the gill of fish exposed to high (0.75 mg/g) concentration of C. papaya alone; f displacement of gill filament (DGF), necrosis (N) and oedema (O) in the gill of atrazine-exposed fish ameliorated with high (0.75 mg/g) concentration of C. papaya; a Liver of C. gariepinus in the control showing normal arrangement of hepatocytes (H); b sinusoidal distortion (SD) and oedema (O) in the liver of fish exposed to atrazine alone; c displacement of central vein (DCV) and sinusoidal distortion (SD) in the liver of fish exposed to low (0.25 mg/g) concentration of C. papaya alone; d gradual reversal of cellular infiltration (CI) and sinusoidal distortion (SD) in the liver of atrazine-exposed fish ameliorated with low (0.25 mg/g) concentration of C. papaya; e sinusoidal distortion (SD) in the liver of fish exposed to high (0.75 mg/g) concentration of C. papaya alone; f cellular infiltration (CI) in the liver of atrazine-exposed fish ameliorated with high (0.75 mg/g) concentration of C. papaya

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