Fig. 6

Histopathological changes in the gill and liver of Clarias gariepinus exposed to atrazine for 28 days and ameliorated with Mangifera indica (H & E × 100). a Gill of C. gariepinus in the control showing normal architecture of primary lamellae (PL) and secondary lamellae (SL); b degeneration of cartilaginous core (DCC), curling of lamella (CL), hyperplasia (H), lamellar fusion (LF), necrosis (N) and rupture of secondary lamella RSL) in the gill of fish exposed to atrazine alone; c curling of lamella (CL), oedema (O) and lamella swelling in the gill of fish exposed to low (0.25 mg/g) concentration of M. indica alone; d gradual reversal of lamella fusion (LF) and improvement in curling of lamella (CL) and lamella swelling (LS) in the gill of atrazine-exposed fish ameliorated with low (0.25 mg/g) concentration of M. indica; e Lamella fusion (LF); necrosis (N) and degeneration of cartilaginous core (DCC) in the gill of fish exposed to high (0.75 mg/g) concentration of M. indica alone; f necrosis (N), oedema (O), lamella fusion (LF) and rupture of secondary lamella (RSL) in the gill of atrazine-exposed fish ameliorated with high (0.75 mg/g) concentration of M. indica. a Liver of C. gariepinus in the control showing normal arrangement of hepatocytes (H); b Sinusoidal distortion (SD), oedema (O) and cellular infiltration (CI) in the liver of fish exposed to atrazine alone; c necrosis (N) in the liver of fish exposed to low M. indica alone; d Gradual reversal of oedema (O) and necrosis (N) in atrazine-exposed fish ameliorated with low M. indica; e Sinusoidal distortion (SD) in the liver of fish exposed to high (0.75 mg/g) concentration of M. indica alone; f Sinusoidal distortion (SD), central vein (CV) in the liver of atrazine-exposed fish ameliorated with high (0.75 mg/g) concentration of high M. indica