Skip to main content

Table 2 Ameliorative effects of Mangifera indica on the histopathological changes in the gill and liver of Clarias gariepinus exposed to atrazine for 28 days

From: Carica papaya and Mangifera indica modulate haematological, biochemical and histological alterations in atrazine-intoxicated fish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822)

Tissue

Lesion

Treatment

A

B

C

D

E

F

Gill

Curling of lamella

−

+++

+

−

−

−

Degeneration of cartilaginous core

−

+

−

−

+

−

Displacement of gill filament

−

−

−

−

−

−

Hyperplasia

−

++

−

−

−

−

Lamella fusion

−

++

−

−

++

+

Lamella swelling

−

−

++

+

−

−

Necrosis

−

+

−

−

+

+

Oedema

−

−

+

−

−

+

Rupture of secondary lamella

−

++

−

−

−

++

Liver

Cellular infiltration

−

+

−

−

−

−

Displacement of central vein

−

−

−

−

−

−

Necrosis

−

−

+

+

−

−

Oedema

−

++

−

+

−

−

Sinusoidal distortion

−

++

+

−

++

+

  1. − (none), + (mild), ++ (moderate) and +++ (severe); A control; B atrazine-exposed group; C low (0.25 mg/g) concentration of M. indica alone; D atrazine + low (0.25 mg/g) concentration of M. indica; E high (0.75 mg/g) concentration of M. indica alone; F atrazine + high (0.75 mg/g) concentration of M. indica