Table 3 Multivariate analysis for the effects of tissue type (blood, gill, liver), atrazine treatment (I, II, III, IV, V, VI)a and extract type (C. papaya, M. indica) on biochemical parameters in C. gariepinus
From: Carica papaya and Mangifera indica modulate haematological, biochemical and histological alterations in atrazine-intoxicated fish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822)
|
Variables
|
Df
|
Glucose (mmol/l)
|
Total protein (g/l)
|
ALT (IU/l)
|
AST (IU/l)
|
LDH (IU/l)
|
SOD (IU/l)
|
AChE (IU/l)
|
MDA (nmol MDA/l)
|
|---|
|
F
|
P
|
F
|
P
|
F
|
P
|
F
|
P
|
F
|
P
|
F
|
P
|
F
|
P
|
F
|
P
|
|---|
|
Tissue
|
2
|
101.30
|
< 0.001
|
127.32
|
< 0.001
|
25.44
|
< 0.001
|
1.76
|
0.192
|
20.30
|
< 0.001
|
19.05
|
< 0.001
|
31.40
|
< 0.001
|
204.57
|
< 0.001
|
|
Atrazine
|
5
|
1.145
|
0.361
|
1.67
|
0.175
|
0.43
|
0.823
|
1.69
|
0.171
|
0.37
|
0.865
|
0.24
|
0.939
|
1.47
|
0.233
|
2.99
|
0.029
|
|
Extract
|
1
|
0.067
|
0.771
|
5.45
|
0.027
|
4.53
|
0.042
|
0.00061
|
0.980
|
17.19
|
< 0.001
|
11.08
|
0.003
|
3.03
|
0.093
|
12.48
|
0.002
|
|
Residuals
|
27
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
- The bold values were significant at p < 0.05
- aI control II atrazine-exposed group III low concentration of plant extract alone IV atrazine + low concentration of plant extract V high concentration of plant extract alone VI atrazine + high concentration of plant extract
