Table 5 The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) in the liver of the control rats and those orally administrated PZA alone, NGN 1 h prior to PZA, and NGN alone, every day for 7, 14, 21 & 28 days. Data are displayed as mean (of 5 rats) ± standard error of mean

MDA

(mg g⁻¹ liver)

7

5.30 ± 0.11^a

5.28 ± 0.15^a

5.35 ± 0.12^a

5.35 ± 0.13^a

F_{3, 16} = 0.078, P = 0.971

14

5.13 ± 0.08^a

5.64 ± 0.16^b

5.15 ± 0.08^a

5.26 ± 0.10^a

F_{3, 16} = 4.55, P = 0.017

21

5.16 ± 0.08^a

7.70 ± 0.14^b*

5.18 ± 0.07^a

5.14 ± 0.10^a

F_{3, 16} = 157.4, P = 0.000

28

5.30 ± 0.10^a

8.28 ± 0.12^b*

5.14 ± 0.07^a

5.15 ± 0.08^a

F_{3, 16} = 273.9, P = 0.000

r

–

 + 0.94

 − 0.35

 − 0.36

Time effect

F_{3, 16} = 0.907, P = 0.459

F_{3, 16} = 109.53, P = 0.000

F_{3, 16} = 1.295, P = 0.31

F_{3, 16} = 0.916, P = 0.455

GSH

(mg g⁻¹ protein)

7

44.00 ± 1.53^a

45.24 ± 1.30^a

44.72 ± 1.38^a

44.44 ± 1.14^a

F_{3, 16} = 0.149, P = 0.929

14

45.38 ± 1.09^b

41.10 ± 0.98^a*

46.04 ± 1.02^b

45.96 ± 1.16^b

F_{3, 16} = 4.93, P = 0.013

21

45.06 ± 1.19^b

34.92 ± 1.43^a*

44.54 ± 1.38^b

44.38 ± 1.06^b

F_{3, 16} = 14.71, P = 0.000

28

46.04 ± 1.31^b

30.90 ± 0.73^a*

45.84 ± 1.11^b

45.32 ± 1.20^b

F_{3, 16} = 44.60, P = 0.000

r

–

 − 0.92

 + 0.081

 + 0.05

Time effect

F_{3, 16} = 0.433, P = 0.732

F_{3, 16} = 31.14, P = 0.000

F_{3, 16} = 0.384, P = 0.766

F_{3, 16} = 0.44, P = 0.727

SOD

(U g⁻¹ protein)

7

9.41 ± 0.13^a

9.31 ± 0.12^a

9.30 ± 0.12^a

9.34 ± 0.12^a

F_{3, 16} = 0.145, P = 0.932

14

9.41 ± 0.08^b

9.04 ± 0.05^a

9.28 ± 0.11^b

9.25 ± 0.12^b

F_{3, 16} = 2.709, P = 0.08

21

9.39 ± 0.15^b

7.33 ± 0.11^a*

9.32 ± 0.12^b

9.30 ± 0.14^b

F_{3, 16} = 59.87, P = 0.000

28

9.48 ± 0.11^b

7.19 ± 0.11^a*

9.33 ± 0.14^b

9.20 ± 0.10^b

F_{3, 16} = 88.33, P = 0.000

r

–

 − 0.92

 + 0.056

 − 0.17

Time effect

F_{3, 16} = 0.101, P = 0.958

F_{3, 16} = 122.7, P = 0.000

F_{3, 16} = 0.031, P = 0.992

F_{3, 16} = 0.266, P = 0.849

GR

(U g⁻¹ protein)

7

82.46 ± 1.03^a

84.02 ± 1.38^a

83.52 ± 1.27^a

83.08 ± 1.04^a

F_{3, 16} = 0.31, P = 0.818

14

82.64 ± 0.79^a

81.94 ± 1.23^a

83.54 ± 1.10^a

83.52 ± 0.84^a

F_{3, 16} = 0.587, P = 0.632

21

83.86 ± 1.13^b

70.34 ± 0.90^a*

83.70 ± 0.97^b

83.66 ± 1.42^b

F_{3, 16} = 35.74, P = 0.000

28

84.02 ± 0.72^b

55.94 ± 1.60^a*

83.22 ± 0.81^b

83.12 ± 1.23^b

F_{3, 16} = 144.8, P = 0.000

r

–

 − 0.93

 − 0.04

 + 0.01

Time effect

F_{3, 16} = 0.753, P = 0.536

F_{3, 16} = 98.41, P = 0.000

F_{3, 16} = 0.036, P = 0.99

F_{3, 16} = 0.063, P = 0.979