Table 7 Effects of probiotics on fish mucosal immunity
From: Recent studies on probiotics as beneficial mediator in aquaculture: a review
Probiotic candidates/products | Fish species | Effects on mucosal immunity/morphology | References |
|---|---|---|---|
Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus sakei, and Leuconostocmesenteroides | Oncorhynchus mykiss | Enhance phagocytic activity of gut mucosal leucocytes | Balcázar et al. (2006) |
Pediococcusacidilactici | Oncorhynchus mykiss | Increase surface area for absorbtion by increasing villi length | |
GP21 and GP12 | Gadus morhua | Lower down caspase-3 and lactate dehydrogenase activity of the pathogen infected gut epithelial cells | Lazado, Caipang, Brinchmann, and Kiron (2011) |
Bacillus subtilis FPTB13 and chitin | Catla catla | Foster the production of skin mucosal lysozyme, alkaline phosphatase, myeloperoxidase content and total protein content | Sangma & Kamilya, (2015) |
Shewanellaputrefaciens | Sparus aurata | Enhance the activity of skin mucosal lysozyme and complement C3. Enhance the expression of nonspecific cytotoxic cell receptor protein 1 and natural killer cell enhancing factor. | Cordero, Morcillo, Cuesta, Brinchmann, and Esteban (2016) |
Bacillus coagulans and Lactobacillusplantarum | Danio rerio | Enhance intraepithelial lymphocytes cell population. Up-regulation of TNF-α and IL-10 | Wang, Ren, Fu, and Su (2016) |
galactooligosaccharide (prebiotic) and Pediococcusacidilactici | Cyprinus carpio | Enhance immunoglobulin concentration in skin mucus | Modanloo, Soltanian, Akhlaghi, and Hoseinifar (2017) |
Vitacel® and PrimaLac® Lactobacillus plantarum and Cordyceps militaris spent mushroom | Rutiluskutum Oreochromis niloticus | Modulate mucosal immunity and enhance digestive enzyme activity Enhance the activity of skin mucus lysozyme and peroxidase | Mirghaed et al. (2018) Van Doan, Hoseinifar, Dawood, Chitmanat, and Tayyamath (2017) |
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (GB-9) and Yarrowialipolytica lipase2 (YLL2) | Hybrid sturgeon (Acipenserschrenkii × Acipenser baerii) | Enhance mucus lysozyme activity and leukocytes phagocytic activity | Fei et al. (2018) |
Lactobacillus casei and Agaricus bisporus | Danio rerio | Upregulated the expression of mucosal immune genes (TNF-α, LYZ, and IL1B) and anti-oxidant genes like SOD, CAT | Safari, Hoseinifar, Dadar, and Khalili (2018) |