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The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology

Table 2 Effects of water pH and hardness levels on growth rate of Culex quinquefasciatus

From: Quantifying the roles of water pH and hardness levels in development and biological fitness indices of Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae)

Physico-chemical parameter

Concentration

Larval growth rate (mg/day)

pH levels

4.0

0.0468 ± 0.02514a

5.0

0.0571 ± 0.0165c

6.0

0.0611 ± 0.0067c

7.0

0.0749 ± 0.0080d

8.0

0.0639 ± 0.0065c

9.0

0.0509 ± 0.0049b

10.0

0.0403 ± 0.0474a

Hardness regimen (mg/L CaCO3)

0

0.0599 ± 0.0022d

30

0.0586 ± 0.0014d

90

0.0561 ± 0.0009c

150

0.0526 ± 0.0010b

210

0.0316 ± 0.0011a

  1. * Within a column for a physico-chemical parameter, means (± SD) followed by the same letter are not significantly different at p < 0.05 according to Duncan multiple range test following analysis of variance (ANOVA)
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